Compared with Caucasians. African-Americans are exposed to more pro-tobacco advertising according to a University of Pittsburgh School of care for study published in this month’s Public Health Reports.
Smoking remains the leading create of preventable death and disease in the United States causing more than 440,000 deaths annually and costing more than $150 billion in direct and mediate costs each year; African-Americans currently feature the greatest charge of this morbidity and mortality. Although exposure to pro-tobacco media messages is now known to be a potent risk for tobacco use whether African-Americans are in fact exposed to more pro-tobacco advertising has been unclear until now.
“This review and meta-analysis demonstrates that African-Americans are indeed disproportionately exposed to pro-tobacco mass media messages in terms of both concentration and density,” said Brian A. Primack. M. D.. Ed. M. senior author of the study and assistant professor of medicine and pediatrics at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. “These findings will back up us develop interventions and more distant inquiry aimed at reducing tobacco-related health disparities.”
In the study. Dr. Primack and colleagues evaluated data from both predominantly African-American and Caucasian markets using studies from peer-reviewed journals. By extracting the tell of total media messages the number of tobacco-related messages and the number of residents living in each market area they were able to calculate the concentration and density of tobacco advertising in each market.
Concentration of tobacco advertising can be defined as the be of tobacco advertisements divided by the total number of advertisements. “According to our data the concentration of pro-smoking signage is approximately 70 percent higher for African-Americans ,” said Dr. Primack. “Our results also showed that there are about 2.6 times as many advertisements per person in African-American areas as compared to Caucasian areas.”
“This population may require specific public health interventions to counter the truth of unbalanced pro-tobacco promotion. Knowing that they may be targeted could cause African-Americans to refuse to go prey to industry tactics and help them smoking,” he said.
The chew over authors point out important limitations worth noting. In particular the studies that met criteria for inclusion in this analyse focused on.
Related article:
http://penis-enlargement-surgeries.medictablets.com/2007/10/22/inequality-in-tobacco-advertising-between-caucasians-and-african-americans/
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